ABSTRACT
Background: India Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2019 observed that 8.5% of the young age group (13-15 years) consume tobacco (9.6 % are boys and 7.4 % are girls). No interventional studies among adolescents were conducted before the initiation of the SLT use. Aims & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of consumption of tobacco and non-tobacco products and to provide school based interventions to bring behavioral changes. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was carried out in Primary Schools. For estimation of the prevalence of tobacco and non tobacco use all the students of 1st to 5th while for the interventions, 4th and 5th standard were selected. Baseline data and change in the behavior at the end of one year was collected. FGD with key informants were also conducted. Descriptive Statistics was conducted. Results: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption and non-tobacco product was found to be 1.3% and 36.5% respectively. After intervention 40.5% students had quit non tobacco products. Findings of FGD suggested that children should not be sent to purchase tobacco products on behalf of their parents. Conclusion: School based intervention and sensitization of the field workers along with knowing their perceptions for the predictors of consumption could be useful.
ABSTRACT
Background: Autopsy examinations are necessary to rule out cause of death, and simultaneously, it also detects incidental pathologies which might not be a leading cause of death. Till date, no one has reported autopsy examination utility for the detection of microfilaria burden. In this retrospective study, we analyzed cases with incidental finding of asymptomatic cases of microfilaria. Objectives: Our main aim was to highlight its burden within the region of South Gujarat where filariasis is endemic despite various government programs to control and eradicate it. Materials and Methods: We have analyzed the autopsy reporting data during the period of January 2013–December 2013 from a tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat. Along with tissue section, we also processed blood clot from heart chambers for microscopic examination to confirm diagnosis. Results: A total of 19 cases of 607 autopsy cases showed the presence of microfilaria in various organs such as heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and brain without any tissue reaction. All sections from blood clot showed the presence of circulating microfilaria in positive cases. Among all organ sections, we were able to get it most commonly in the heart interstitial spaces in majority of the cases. Conclusion: This study showed 3.1% prevalence of asymptomatic circulating microfilaria cases. This can be one of the ways to measure the prevalence of microfilaria in endemic regions as routine screening and diagnostic procedure has their known limitations. The technique to find microfilaria can be also strengthened by microscopic examination of blood clot from heart chamber or heart auricles.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTON: Due to recent advances in technologyan increasing number of peoplesuffer from trauma annuallywhich has resulted in change in fracture pattern.As there is a lack of recent systematic trauma registry in India, very little data is available to set up health care facilities.AIM: To determine epidemiology, pattern and initial outcome of patients admitted with isolated limb injury.METHOD: We conducted an observational study on isolated limb injuries without any musculoskeletal disorder at a tertiary care hospitalin Ahmedabad fromJune 2015 toMay2017. The limb injuries were classified as per the Limb Salvage Index score (LSI) for further management.RESULTS:we haveincluded 1300 patients inthis study. Mean age was 41.5 years and 68percent of them were males. Isolatedlimb injuries showed bi-modal age group with first peak between 21to 30 years and second at 41 to50 years. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of injury followed by fall at home.The most commonly affected bone was femur in lower limb andradius intheupper limb.CONCLUSION: Ourstudy helped in identifying certain features that wouldbe useful for planning preventivestrategies, to reducethe numbers of accidents and redirect public investment in health.It also indicates establishment of trauma registry at local, state as well as national level.
ABSTRACT
Heavy metal contamination, particularly of cultivable lands, is a matter of concern. Bioremediation helps in reversing such contamination to certain extent. Here, we report isolation, polyphasic identification and the role of siderophore producing rhizobacteria Alcaligenes feacalis RZS2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa RZS3 in bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and plant growth promotion activity in such contaminated soil. Siderophore produced by A. feacalis RZS2 and P. aeruginosa RZS3 strains chelated various heavy metal ions like MnCl2.4H2O, NiCl2.6H2O, ZnCl2, CuCl2 and CoCl2 other than FeCl3.6H2O at batch scale. Their bioremediation potential was superior over the chemical ion chelators like EDTA and citric acid. These isolates also promoted growth of wheat and peanut seeds sown in heavy metal contaminated soil. Effective root colonizing ability of these isolates was observed in wheat and peanut plants.